Researchers from the University of Southampton, along with colleagues from the Universities of Cambridge and Barcelona, have theoretically demonstrated that black holes can exist in pairs – held in a state of equilibrium by a cosmic force – similar to a single hole black.
Black holes are giant astronomical objects whose gravity is so strong that there is nothing, Are not particles of matter GOOD electromagnetic radiation as light can get rid of it. These are extremely dense objects with strong gravity. A black hole could swallow up the mass of Earth in a space the size of a pea.
The largest black hole collision in the Universe. Photo: Space.
Theory of black holes in the Universe
Since the 18th century, scientists have wondered whether there is an object in the universe capable of resisting gravity so strong that light cannot escape.
In 1915, in the theory of general relativity, Einstein proposed that space and time could be distorted by gravity. However, Einstein did not believe in the existence of black holes. After that, it took scientists another 50 years to prove that black holes actually existed.
The scientist Albert Einstein. Photo: Ferdinand Schmutzer.
In 1965, scientist Penrose proved that black holes can form from the center of a black hole, where time and space do not exist. His discovery earned him the Nobel Prize 55 years later, at the age of 89.
After Penrose’s discovery, scientists continued to search for a black hole, focusing on dust clouds in the Milky Way known as Sagittarius A. Two independent research teams led by Mr. Genzel and Ms. Ghez first used the world’s largest telescope to observe how stars orbit. . They then concluded that 4 million solar masses had been accumulated in an area the size of the solar system.
Tom McLeish, professor of natural philosophy at the University of York (UK), commented: “Penrose, Genzel and Ghez together showed that black holes are mathematically sublime and actually exist. »
Physics is the second scientific discipline to receive a Nobel Prize this year. Previously, the Nobel Prize in Medicine was awarded to three scientists for the discovery of hepatitis C.
Conventional theories about black holes are based on Einstein’s general relativity, which often explains how static or rotating black holes can exist alone, isolated in space. Black holes in pairs will be prevented by gravity from colliding with each other.
However, this is true if we assume that the Universe is at rest. But what if there’s something that’s always moving? Can pairs of black holes exist in an ever-expanding Universe and eventually merge into one?
“The standard model of cosmology assumes that the Big Bang gave birth to the Universe about 9.8 billion years ago, dominated by a mysterious force, called “dark energy”, which increases the rate of expansion of the Universe at a constant density”, according to Professor Oscar Dias of the University of Southampton.
Scientists call this mysterious force the “cosmic constant.” In a Universe explained by Einstein’s theory with a cosmological constant. This shifts the theoretical focus to how black holes can interact and exist together.
Using sophisticated numerical methods, the team behind this latest study shows that two static (non-rotating) black holes can exist in a state of equilibrium – their gravitational pull is offset by expansion. The bloom is linked to the cosmological constant. Even as the Universe continues to expand, black holes remain a fixed distance from each other. No matter how much expansion tries to separate them, gravity will compensate.
Professor Dias commented: “From a distance, a pair of black holes whose gravitational pull is offset by the expansion of the Universe would look like a single black hole. It can be difficult to detect whether it is a single black hole or two black holes. »
Professor Jorge Santos from the University of Cambridge added: “Our theory has been proven for a pair of static black holes, but we believe it can also be applied to rotating black holes. Additionally, our solution could also work for three or even four black holes, opening up countless possibilities.
This research was carried out by Professor Oscar Dias (University of Southampton), Professor Gary Gibbons (University of Cambridge), Professor Jorge Santos (University of Cambridge) and Dr Benson Way (University of Barcelona). Their article “Static Black Binaries in de Sitter Space” was published in the magazine Physical Examination Letters and reviewed as a Viewpoint article.
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