An X-ray star located in the Messier 82 galaxy about 12 million light years from Earth, so bright that it violates the laws of physics.
Simulation of a super bright X-ray neutron star with a strong magnetic field
Simulation of a super bright X-ray neutron star with a strong magnetic field. (Photo: NASA/JPL-Caltech).
Astronomers call One such law-breaking object is a super bright X-ray (ULX) source, They emit 10 million times more energy than the Sun. This energy level exceeds the law of physics called the Eddington limit (the Eddington limit is estimated to be about 150 times the mass of the Sun, according to Nature), according to which the luminosity of an object is limited by its size . If the object exceeds the Eddington limit, researchers predict it will explode into several pieces. However, ULX often exceeds this limit by 100 to 500 times, confusing scientists, according to NASA.
New observations published in the Astrophysical Journal of NASA Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Cluster (NuSTAR) specializes in examining the universe with high-energy X-rays, confirming a special ULX named M82 X-2 too bright. Previous theories suggested that the extremely high brightness could be a form of optical illusion, but research results prove that the above hypothesis is not correct and that the M82 X-2 actually defies the limit of Eddington. Live Science reported on April 11.
Astronomers thought ULX might be a black hole, but M82 X-2 is a neutron star. A neutron star is the dead core of a Sun-like star. They are so dense that the gravitational force on the surface is 100 trillion times stronger than on Earth, meaning any material attracted to the dead star’s surface will have an explosive effect. For example, a candy bar dropped on the surface of a neutron star will collide with the energy of 1,000 thermonuclear bombs.
New research discovered M82 X-2 consumes about 1.5 Earths per year from its neighboring star. When this amount of material hits the star’s surface, the impact force creates brightness, as the research team observed. They believe this is proof that something caused the M82 X-2 to exceed Eddington’s limit. Their current hypothesis is that the neutron star’s intense magnetic field changes the shape of its atoms, allowing the star to maintain its shape even as it grows brighter.
“The observations allow us to understand the effects of extremely powerful magnetic fields that we could never simulate on Earth with current technology,” Study leader Mɑtteo Bachetti, an astrophysicist at the Cagliari Observatory in Italy, shared.
Article source: VnExpress
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